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High-Precision Aluminum Mirror Enabling Lightweight and High-Performance Optical Systems
Aluminum mirrors, as critical components in optical systems, are widely used in aerospace, laser technology, consumer electronics, and other fields due to their lightweight nature, high thermal conductivity, and broadband compatibility. With breakthroughs in materials science and precision machining technologies, the performance of aluminum mirrors continues to improve, gradually challenging the market dominance of traditional glass-based mirrors. I. Core Classifications and Characteristics...
Vertical Alignment Technology for Large-Aperture Space Optical Remote Sensing Cameras
With the advancement of international remote sensing technology, the effective aperture of China’s space remote sensing cameras has gradually increased, accompanied by rising demands for production efficiency. Consequently, the alignment methods and manufacturing processes for these cameras must continually evolve. Due to the significant gravity-induced deformation of large-aperture cameras in the horizontal optical axis state, which cannot be ignored, this paper proposes a vertical...
Bipod Support Structure for Large-Aperture mirrors
Bipod Support Structure for Large-Aperture mirrors I. Definition and Application Background The Bipod support structure for large-aperture mirrors is a high-precision support technology used in optical systems such as space telescopes and remote sensing cameras. It addresses critical challenges related to surface accuracy and positional stability of large mirrors under complex environmental conditions, including gravity, temperature variations, and vibrations. By leveraging elastic deformations...
Advanced Beam Expanders: Tailored Optical Solutions for Modern Applications
Types of Beam Expanders and Their Applications 1. Galilean Beam Expanders Principle: Combines a concave eyepiece and convex objective lens without an intermediate focus.Strengths: Compact, cost-effective, and ideal for high-power lasers due to no focal-point energy concentration.Limitations: Limited expansion ratio and collimation adjustments.Applications: Military laser systems, industrial cutting/welding, and compact optical setups. 2. Keplerian Beam Expanders Principle: Uses two convex...
Zygo laser interferometer measurement metrics for optical components
Zygo laser interferometer measurement metrics for optical components: 1. PV (Peak-to-Valley) Definition: Vertical distance between the highest and lowest points on the surface. Physical Meaning: Reflects the maximum local error, directly indicating machining precision. Note: PV is sensitive to outliers (e.g., scratches or defects) and should be evaluated alongside other metrics. Typical Requirement: High-precision optics (e.g., laser mirrors) often require PV < λ/10 (λ = 632.8...
Scientists and engineers at the forefront of materials science have announced a groundbreaking advancement in high-damage-threshold anti-reflective (AR) coatings, a development set to redefine performance in lasers, optical devices, and energy systems. These next-generation coatings combine superior light-transmission capabilities with unprecedented durability, addressing critical challenges in high-power applications where traditional AR coatings often fail under extreme conditions. The...
PVD VS CVD in Surface modification of Silicon Carbide
In the surface modification of silicon carbide (SiC), Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) and Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) are two key techniques. They differ significantly in terms of process principles, coating characteristics, and application scenarios. Below are the core distinctions between the two: 1. Process Principles and Reaction Mechanisms PVD (Physical Vapor Deposition) Physical Process Dominates: Solid target materials are converted into gaseous atoms or ions through high-energy...
Alignment Method of R-C Telescope Based on Astigmatism Correction
Reflecting telescopes are widely used in various fields due to their advantages such as no chromatic aberration and easy lightweighting. Among them, double-reflecting telescopes are the most commonly used. The R-C telescope is an important type of double-reflecting telescope. Its alignment process is crucial to the imaging quality, but currently, it mostly relies on experience in engineering, resulting in high costs. 1. Aberration Field of Double-Reflecting Telescope i. Coordinate System and...
What is a Beam Expander? A beam expander is an optical component capable of altering the diameter and divergence angle of a light beam. It plays a crucial role in optical systems. 1. Definition of a Beam Expander A beam expander typically consists of a set of lenses that can expand an input laser beam or other light beams, increasing their diameter and potentially altering their divergence angle. Different types of beam expanders have varying designs and structures, but their common goal is to...
Optical Coating Mirror for Infrared
Optical Coating Mirror for Infrared (referred to as Infrared OC Mirror) is a type of mirror with specific optical properties in the infrared band. Below is a detailed introduction to Infrared OC Mirrors. I. Working Principle of Infrared OC Mirrors Role of Optical Coatings: Infrared OC Mirrors typically achieve their specific optical properties by coating one or more layers of optical thin films on a substrate material. These films control light propagation through optical phenomena such as...
Optical Components--Commonly Used Optical Lenses
- Flat mirror: flat mirror is the most basic optical element, mainly used to reflect light and change the direction of the light path. Their surface is flat and the reflectivity depends on the type of coating (e.g. metallic or dielectric). Plane mirrors are widely used in laser systems, telescopes and optical instruments for light path steering or beam combining. It should be noted that the reflectivity and coating material of flat mirrors need to be selected according to the operating...
Cylindrical mirrors, as an important optical element, have various types, and different types of cylindrical mirrors play unique roles in optical systems. Aluminum alloy cylindrical surface mirror: Characteristics: With good optical performance, especially some aspheric surfaces are more outstanding after enhancement, they are widely used in many optical systems. However, for some complex mirrors, it is difficult to obtain higher accuracy by single point diamond turning (SPDT) technique alone,...
What is a cylindrical mirror? What are its applications
Cylindrical mirrors are an important optical element with a wide range of applications in several fields. Definition and basic characteristics: A cylindrical mirror is an optical element with a cylindrical shape whose main characteristic is that it has curvature in one direction and is flat or has a different curvature in the direction perpendicular to it. This particular shape allows a cylindrical mirror to focus, diverge or change the direction of propagation of light in a particular...
Unveiling the Marvels of Micro-Electro-Mechanical-Systems Fast Steering Mirrors
1. Introduction In the ever - evolving landscape of optical technologies, MEMS (Micro - Electro - Mechanical Systems) FSM (Fast Steering Mirrors) have emerged as a revolutionary component. These tiny yet highly sophisticated devices play a pivotal role in various applications, from high - precision optical communication to advanced imaging systems. 2. Working Principle of MEMS FSM This is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a Fast - Steering Mirror (FSM), and the components and their...
How to select an optical parallel window suitable for a specific application?
Consider optical performance Spectral range First, it is necessary to clarify the spectral range required by the application. For example, if it is used for visible - light imaging, such as a protective window for an ordinary camera lens, then an optical parallel window with high transmittance in the wavelength range of 400 - 700nm can be selected. BK7 optical glass has good transmittance performance in this band and can meet basic requirements. However, if it is used for an infrared thermal...
Topological optimization of lightweight aluminum mirror
Aluminum mirrors are widely used in aerospace and space remote sensing satellites. In order to improve the lightweight rate of aluminum mirrors and reduce the launch cost of commercial remote sensing satellites, a lightweight aluminum mirror with open back, triangular hole structure and three-point support was designed. Based on this structure, firstly, with the minimum mass as the optimization objective, the thickness and layout of the stiffener on the back of the mirror as the optimization...
Sub-aperture stiching and CGH mixed compensation for the testing of large convex asphere
1. Introduction Large convex aspheres play a crucial role in modern optical systems, such as large - aperture telescopes and high - power laser systems. However, the accurate testing of large convex aspheres remains a challenging task. Traditional testing methods often encounter difficulties due to the large size and complex surface shape of the aspheres. 2. Principle of Sub - aperture Stitching Sub - aperture stitching is a technique that divides the large - aperture surface into several...
Dive into Optical Lens Parameters
Aberration: Anatomy of the Root Cause of Image Distortion In an ideal optical system, the magnification should remain constant in a pair of conjugate object planes. However, in real optical systems, this property is only present when the field of view is small. When the field of view is large or even very large, the magnification of the image will change with the change in the field of view, this phenomenon will lead to the image of the object relative to the loss of the original similarity,...
The main parameters of optical lenses
In the field of optics, the parameters of optical lenses play a decisive role in their performance and application. The following is a detailed and in-depth analysis of the key parameters of optical lenses, combined with practical application examples to illustrate. Focal Length: The Controller of Imaging Ratio Focal length, as one of the key elements of the optical system, is defined as the distance from the main point to the focal point. It plays a central role in determining the proportional...
The application of off-axis parabolic mirrors in astronomical telescopes
The main optical properties of a parabolic mirror:it can reflect light rays emitted from its focus into a parallel beam, or reflect a parallel beam of light and focus it at a point. This is because the geometric properties of a parabola determine that light rays starting from the focus will be parallel to the axis of symmetry of the parabola after reflection, and conversely, light rays parallel to the axis of symmetry will converge at the focus after reflection. Structure and DesignA parabolic...
large aspherical mirror testing with CGH and auxiliary lenses
At present, the radius of curvature of the primary mirror in some large-aperture optical telescopes has reached the order of tens of meters. If the surface of the mirror is tested simply by CGH, the length of the testing optical path is not lower than the length of its radius of curvature. Due to factors such as site size and ambient airflow disturbance, it is difficult to achieve high-precision measurement of the mirror surface under these conditions. In order to solve the problem of...
Definition of Optical Freeform Surfaces Common optical surfaces include planes, spherical surfaces, rotationally symmetrical aspheric surfaces, and cylindrical surfaces. These types of surfaces do not fall under the category of freeform surfaces. According to the definition of freeform surfaces, a freeform surface is one that does not possess axial rotational symmetry or translational symmetry constraints. Therefore, one significant characteristic of freeform surfaces is their asymmetry; they...
Manufactureing of 720mm SiC Aspherical Mirror
1.Milling process: the back-side milling of the mirror can be achieved on a general three-axis CNC machining center, while the mirror surface milling requires a four-axis or even five-axis machining center. If a high-precision five-axis machining center is used and appropriate grinding tools are selected, the mirror surface milling accuracy within one meter diameter can reach 10um. 2.Grinding process: grinding mainly removes the tool traces and subsurface damage layer left by milling, and...
How to use CGH to do the test of aspheric mirrors?
CGH stands for Computer Generated Hologram. It is an optical element that is used in interferometric measurement of complex surfaces, such as aspheric optics or freeform optics. CGH is designed using computer algorithms and then manufactured via optical lithography. The holographic interference fringes contained within the CGH element can generate an exact replica of the intended wavefront it is designed to test, thus serving as a reference for testing and measurement of complex optics. Due to...
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Privacy statement: Your privacy is very important to Us. Our company promises not to disclose your personal information to any external company with out your explicit permission.